Pipe outlet flow under high head of water, emerges in the form of straight, concentrated shooting jet. Hydraulic structures called stilling basin have to be provided for reducing the energy of high-velocity flow to prevent erosion of the natural bed downstream and banks of river channel or cannel. Stilling basins are transition structures constructed to dissipate the excess energy contained by the high velocity flow, on the downstream face of the outlet of the conduit, so that the flow beyond the basin does not endanger the stability of bed and banks of the downstream channel. Experimental investigation leading to the development of new stilling basin design for non circular pipe outlet using different appurtenances is reported in this paper. On the basis of experimental study, USBR VI stilling basin model was studied and modified to make the new stilling basin model more effective and economical. The new models were tested in a rectangular shaped pipe outlet of size 10.8 cm x 6.3 cm, for Froude numbers, namely Fr = 1.85,2.85&3.85 in comparison to USBR VI stilling basin model recommended for the pipe outlets. The new models have been developed by inserting inverted T shaped splitter block, while keeping the other configuration of stilling basin geometry same as suggested by USBR VI stilling basin. The scour pattern was measured for each test run. The performance of the basin was compared by performance index (PI). After twelve test runs, it is found that, for a given Froude number range, by inserting the splitter block with same impact wall along with end sill, the performance of stilling basin is improved and also the length of the newly developed basin is reduced to 29% as compared to USBR VI stilling basin for a given flow conditions.

The aims of this study, \"Effect of email marketing for small business marketing success ‎‎(Iranian Real Estate Company)\", is survey effect of electronic marketing for the small ‎business marketing success and develop and test a conceptual model of the antecedents ‎and consequences of the use of electronic marketing by them. This study in term of ‎purpose is empirical and the nature of data gathering is descriptive. For this purpose, ‎library studies (written books, articles and international scientific journals, thesis and ‎Internet) and field studies (questionnaire) were used. The conceptual framework is ‎consisting of structural funds of electronic marketing, electronic marketing tools, pre-sales ‎activities, post-activities sales, marketing performance and marketing effectiveness. In ‎addition, 12 hypotheses was introduced and tested. Data gathering confirmed with ‎designed questionnaire, consist of 28 questions, and sending it to 1015 Iranian Real Estate ‎Company with e-mail and personal referral. Data analysis is confirmed with statistical ‎software SPSS 18.0 , Amos21 and Lizrel 8.5 and hypothesis of this study was stabled. The ‎findings shows that the use of electronic marketing tools have a positive impact on the pre ‎activities sales, post activities sales and marketing performance and marketing ‎effectiveness. The results of this study have important concepts for the field of marketing ‎as the key role of the marketing staff in the successful implementation of electronic ‎marketing for small business firms stressed.‎

Humans are pretty smart. Even having words like eternity, infinity, and hypervolume, all concepts totally alien to our limited existence in time and space, is a tribute to human intellect. We are the only product of natural selection that understands where we came from and how we got here. Balfour (1895) said of us that “matter knows itself”. These are truly remarkable feats and humans have much of which we can rightfully be proud. However, we also have our share of visible flaws and human failings. As Nietzsche pointed out, human nature is fundamentally flawed. Here I seek to try to explain why we are like we are using reason and common sense. I identify hard-wired human instincts and discuss how these once adaptive behaviors have now become liabilities to our survival.

Over the years different solution methods to financial portfolio optimization problems have been developed and applied. In recent years, however, there has been an increasing use of heuristic methods as alternative to other methods. In this study, a newly developed heuristic method called Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) is presented to solve financial portfolio optimization problems. The results on a five stock application example show that the proposed cuckoo algorithm solves the portfolio optimization problem more optimally than genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, location, and sizes of the accessory mental foramina using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).\nMaterials and methods: The CBCT records of 1400 Caucasian race patients were evaluated for accessory mental foramina (AMF). Their presence and location in relation to the mental foramen (MF) were assessed using axial, panoramic, and cross-sectional 2-dimensional CBCT images. The long and short axes diameters of the AMF were also measured. \nResults: Accessory mental foramina were observed in 3.86 % of the patients: up to two foramina on one side, unilaterally presented in 94.4% of cases with AMF. Their location regarding the MF was distally and inferiorly in 62.9%. In 35.5 % of cases with AMF the foramen was situated above the level of MF and therefore needs special attention before surgery.The mean inner long and short axis diameters were 1.5 mm (SD:0.4 mm) and 1.2 mm (SD:0.3 mm) respectively. The measurements ranged from 0.7 - 2.5 mm for the long axis and 0.7 - 2 mm for the short axis.\nConclusion: Demonstration of AMF using CBCT can improve the surgery treatment planning in anterior part of the mandible and thus helps to avoid unwanted neurovascular damage and possible malpractice litigations.

Abstract- The present study was conducted in the ​Nephrology Unit                   Department of Medicine, Dr B.R.A.M. Hospital Raipur (C.G.) on 42                     patients which included20patientsofDiabeticNephropathyascasesand                       22 non diabetic patients as controls.The results was only a slight                       predominance of males over females in cases group (11:9).Mean age for                       20 cases was 55.05years.Maximumno.ofpatients(45%)wereinstageIV                           Diabetic nephropathy whiletherewerenopatientsinstageIorIIdiabetic                          nephropathy.70% of cases had Hemoglobin > 11 gm%. Mean                   haemoglobin was 11.75 ± 2.88 gm%.Mean TLC count was 8615                     cells/cu.m.m. 80% of patients of Diabetic Nephropathy had normal TLC                     counts.InourstudythemeaneGFRwas68.97±25.75ml/min/1.73sq.m                               in patients of Diabetic nephropathy. Maximum number of cases (45%)                     had eGFRbetween60­89ml/min/1.73sq.m.Meanserumcreatininewas                         1.23 ± 0.62 in cases&1.12±0.26incontrolswiththedifferencebetween                               two groups being non significant. (p>0.05).About one third of patientsof                       Diabetic nephropathy had hypoalbuminemia.Hypercholesterolemia was           present in about only 15% of cases. Mean serum cholesterol was 163 ±                           48.77 mg%.Hypertriglyceridemia was present in about only15%ofcases.                     Mean Triglycerides was 138.75 ± 78 mg%. Majority of patients had                       normal serum electrolyte values.All the patients of diabetic nephropathy                   in our study had some echocardiographic abnormality. Left ventricular                   diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) was the most common abnormality present                   in 55% of patients while LV systolic dysfunction was present in 45% of                           cases. Mean EF was 47.67%.Coronary and renal angiographywasdonein                      \n \n15 cases and 22 controls. Out of these 60 % cases and 72% controls had                               significant coronary artery disease. Difference between two groups was                   non significant. (p>0.5, odds ratio= 0.56) \nBoth in cases and controlstherewasanequaldistributionofsinglevessel                          \ndisease, double vessel disease (including Left main disease) and triple                    \nvessel disease.All patients of diabetic nephropathy having normal                \ncoronaries were < 60 yrs of age and all patients above 60 yrs of age had                                \ncoronary artery disease.87.5% of males in cases group had coronary                    \nartery disease in comparison to 57.14% female patients.Renal artery                  \nstenosis was found in 26.67% cases and 22.72% controls. This difference                      \nwas statistically insignificant. (odds ratio=1.23). \nIn cases group, 80% of hypertensive patients had significant coronary                    \nartery disease as compared to 50% in normotensive patients.40% of                    \nhypertensive patients had renal artery stenosis as compared to 20% in                      \nnormotensive patients in cases group.Only 22.22% of patients having                  \nsignificant coronary artery disease had high serum cholesterol.25% of                  \npatients having renal artery stenosis had high serum triglycerides.33% of                    \npatients from cases group having significant coronary artery disease had                    \nhypoalbuminemia while all the patientshavingsignificantCADhadserum                    \nalbumin <4.5gm%.All the patients from cases group having renal artery                    \nstenosis had serum albumin in range of 3.5­4.5 gm%.Out of 9 patients in                          \ncases group having significant coronary artery disease none had                  \nhypothyroidism while 1 (11.11%) had hyperthyroidism. 

In the knee arthroplasty is common to leave the synovial capsules, which remain producing synovial fluid after the substitution of the articulation. This supposes that it continues the mechanical work among the surfaces of bearing of artificial articulation, obviously with a behavior completely different to the one that possessed with the menisci and cartilages. This behavior is strongly dominated by the energy interfaces between liquid and solid surface. These phenomena determine at the end the relationship of strain stress, its coefficient of friction, behavior of the flow; and of here consequently the wear and useful life of the components. This interaction between the synovial fluid and the materials with those that the prostheses are built is poorly known; even the property of wettability has not yet been reported. In this work the first results of the measurements of the contact angles are presented between synovial fluid- polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and synovial fluid-Cobalt- Chromium-Molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo). The method used was the sessile drop technique and evaluated with Young equation. The results showed strong tendency of adhesion of synovial fluid on all biomaterials surface except for the polymeric surface, PTFE, showing low values of free energy surface

Every person has got a potential risk for some genetic diseases and it depends on many factors such as genetics, ethnicity, gender, age, family history and others. Therefore, genetic risk analysis is an essential component in genetic counseling and should be estimated as accurately as possible for individual and family decision making. In this paper we will focus on describing basic principles in genetic risk assessment of autosomal recessive diseases within Bayesian framework. In order to do that we develop an efficient algorithm to assess genetic risk assessment for every member of a pedigree by using Mathematica software, well known as an algebraic manipulation language. Furthermore, the symbolic implementation of the code is applied for the cystic fibrosis (CF) disease forecasting in human genetics. All results show that proposed algorithm can be used to accomplish accurate risk analyses for CF disease or other autosomal recessive disorders.