Globalization spreads both prosperity and distress. The global financial crisis is an outcome of deep economic recession which generally refers to business cycle contraction and slowdown activity over a long period of time. It is a situation where macro indicators like gross domestic product, employment, capital utilization, household incomes, and business profits fall, while bankruptcies and unemployment rates rise. The Global Financial Crisis is among the greatest financial challenges to the world economy and originated in the United States of America. This paper provides an overview of the global financial crisis (GFC) and its impact on the Indian economy. The researcher studied the effect of the post-World War II recession on the Indian economic system, identifying the sectors affected and the reasons thereof. The researcher used secondary sources of information, mainly from websites, news dailies (newspapers), and research publications. As a result, the global financial crises affected employment, stock and forex markets, software and IT services exports, industrial sectors, and both banking and non-banking sectors.

Background: Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Previous studies have demonstrated that optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an inexpensive and accessible tool to evaluate the progress of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: In the current study, OCT and corpus callosum index (CCI) were compared for early evaluation of axonal damages such as cognitive dysfunction in MS patients. Methods: The corpus callosum index of thirty MS patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were assessed by MRI. In addition, the cognitive function of MS patients was evaluated by the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) test, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured by OCT. Results: The findings of our study demonstrated that CCI among patients with impaired cognition was lower than in the control groups, and there was no significant correlation between cognitive status and CCI (P value=0.804). Among the impaired cognition group, 81.8% of patients had abnormal OCT, while only two patients had normal OCT. Furthermore, our data showed a significant difference between OCT and cognition (P value=0.026). Conclusion: According to this study, OCT is a useful method in the evaluation of axonal loss and to predict cognitive dysfunction in MS patients compared to CCI or other measures.

Protozoa and helminth parasites significantly impact livestock health, affecting both cattle and goats. This study, conducted from March to July 2015 in Akure Metropolis, examined 424 fecal samples to compare the prevalence of these parasites in cattle and goats. Among the 220 cattle samples, 43.64% tested positive for helminths and protozoa, while 49.51% of the 204 goat samples were positive. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in infection rates between cattle and goats (P>0.05). The helminths identified included Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Enterobius vermicularis, Haemonchus contortus, and Moniezia species, with Eimeria species being the sole protozoan detected. Trematode parasites had the highest prevalence in cattle (16.82%), whereas nematodes were most prevalent in goats (20.10%). Cestode prevalence was low in both species (7.73% in cattle and 5.88% in goats). Mixed infections were observed, with female goats showing a higher infection rate (51.28%) compared to males (45.65%), while male cattle had a higher prevalence (44.52%) than females (41.89%). The study concludes that gastrointestinal helminths and protozoa are more prevalent in goats than cattle in this region.

The experiment was conducted in the Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu, KPK, Pakistan during 2013 in a complete randomized design (CRD) utilizing four replications to determine the vigor and viability of different varieties of chickpea seeds. Four chickpea varieties, namely KK-1, KK-2, KC-98, and Lowgher, were evaluated for their growth parameters. Results indicated significant effects on germination, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, seedling shoot length, and seedling root length, except for shoot dry weight and root length. The highest seedling dry weight of 1.233 mg and shoot length of 15.267 cm were observed in Lowgher, whereas the lowest seedling dry weight of 0.733 mg and shoot length of 13.267 cm were recorded in KK-1 and KC-98, respectively. Maximum seedling fresh weight of 7.4 mg and root length of 7.6 cm were observed in KC-98. The study highlights the influence of seed size on the development and growth of chickpea seedlings, providing insights for agricultural practices.

The study aims to identify the characteristics of gifted deaf individuals from the perspectives of teachers and family members by employing an evaluative battery. This battery describes the cognitive, emotional, mental, and linguistic aspects of gifted deaf individuals. Researchers utilized the Renzulli scale to identify gifted individuals, along with a self-concept measure for the deaf, a reading skills test for the deaf, a questionnaire, and a sign language form to measure the abilities of deaf students in sign language. The results indicated that 'General Intellectual Ability' was the most frequently identified attribute, followed sequentially by 'Leadership,' 'Creativity,' 'Science,' 'Mathematics,' 'Social Studies,' and 'Language Arts.' Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between 'Language Arts' in both school and home scales with 'General Intellectual Ability,' as well as between 'Science' and 'General Intellectual Ability.' Positive correlations were also found between 'Math' and 'Science' in both home and school scales, and between 'Math' and 'Reading Understanding.' Additionally, 'Social Studies' showed a total positive correlation in both scales, while 'Communication' was positively correlated with 'Language Arts' in both settings. These findings highlight the multifaceted nature of giftedness in deaf individuals and underscore the importance of tailored educational strategies.

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between approval motivation and its effects on cellular phone dependency syndrome among Persian-speaking students. A total of 448 students (224 male and 224 female) were selected using a proportional randomized classification sampling method from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The research instruments included the Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale, Approval Motivation Scale, and a demographic information questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 23). Results indicated statistically significant differences in mobile phone dependence concerning gender, age, faculty, education grades, semester, and residence. Additionally, a statistical relationship was found between approval motivation and four major factors influencing mobile phone addiction in students.

This article reports the results of an investigation on the prevalence of neglected zoonotic brucellosis in humans, within the context of changing land use between livestock and wild animals. Uganda, like most countries on the African continent, has limited data on human co-infection with the two Brucella species: Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. Published articles comparing the prevalence of these two species of Brucella in humans, even for areas already described as brucellosis hotspots in Uganda, are non-existent. The prevalence of B. abortus and B. melitensis was analyzed using field data collected through serological surveys with pastoralist communities living around Lake Mburo National Park in western Uganda. The results revealed that 12.8% (67/524) of all the people examined for brucellosis tested positive. There was also a significant Brucella species prevalence difference between B. abortus and B. melitensis in humans, with B. abortus having higher mean prevalence (56.4%) compared to B. melitensis (43.6%). The results further showed that more than one third of seropositive individuals (40.3%) were co-infected with B. abortus and B. melitensis. This study is the first to document B. melitensis prevalence in humans, as well as comparing B. abortus and B. melitensis in human brucellosis within an environment where wildlife, livestock, and humans interact daily. Therefore, these findings have the potential to inform policymakers and facilitate decision-making to initiate an ecosystems approach in public health education.

Mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (mBMSC) soup is a promising therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative diseases due to its ease of procurement and potential for transplantation without rejection. This study evaluates the effects of mBMSC soup on staurosporine-induced cell death in PC12 and U87 cell lines. mBMSCs were cultured in DMEM medium, followed by incubation in serum-free medium with 0.2% bovine serum albumin for 24 and 48 hours. The conditioned medium, referred to as mBM soup, was collected. Six treatment groups were established: 1μM staurosporine, no staurosporine, mBM Soup 24h, mBM Soup 24h with 1μM staurosporine, mBM Soup 48h, and mBM Soup 48h with 1μM staurosporine. Results showed time-dependent increases in cell viability and decreases in cell death with mBM soup (p<0.05). Additionally, total neurite length and fraction of cell differentiation significantly improved compared to staurosporine-only treatment (p<0.05). These findings suggest mBM soup offers protective benefits against staurosporine-induced cell death, enhancing cell survival and neurite outgrowth.