Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells by anti β-cell autoantibodies. T1D is one of the fastest growing non-communicable diseases worldwide. \nA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Olfactory Receptor family 14, subfamily J, and member 1 (OR14) gene in neighborhood of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-F has been shown to be significantly associated with T1D. In order to confirm the latter finding, we studied the OR14 gene in a case control study comprising of 983 cases and 576 controls of European Caucasoid origin. Case and control subjects were genotyped for OR14 gene adjacent to HLA-F region, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-X, gene using Taqman SNP genotyping, Applied Bio systems. \nThe current results showed that the OR14-CC genotype is more significant in cases than controls, p=0.001. Meanwhile, the OR14-AC genotype was also more significant in cases than controls, p=0.002, but to a lesser extent. The OR14 gene did not show gender or age specificity / statistically substantial gene susceptibility. \nThese findings confirm our preceding familial study which showed a significant correlation between the OR14 gene and T1D. Case subjects with the OR14- CC and –CA genotypes were more prone to new-onset diabetes or progressive diabetic nephropathy; therefore, the OR14-CC and –CA genotypes may be considered as a marker to predict the risk of T1D. A significant aspect of the OR14 gene, which is in the HLA region, is that it has the potential to improve genetic prediction of T1D. Extension of such studies in this particular region is highly recommended and promising for T1D prediction and future therapy.
Six Sigma (SS) is one of the last additions in the field of quality improvements methods and (or) business process methods. Accounting Information System (AIS) is one of the most important systems that provide the necessary information to enable management to take right decisions, and reflects positively on the survival and growth of the organization and strengthen its competitive position. Purpose: This paper for the purpose of improving AIS performance to provide appropriate information, that is necessary for better decision by mangers, more effective internal control systems, enhancement of the quality of financial reports, and improvement of performance measures. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Based on literature, this paper tried to propose a framework including the effect of implementation SS methodology on developing and improving AIS performance.\nRecommendations: Further researches are needed to operationalize the construct that has been proposed in this study and test it empirically.\nOriginality/Value: Little research has been carried out on the usage of Six Sigma in developing AIS. This paper seeks to identify an issue worthy of further attention from academic committee and business committee.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) with regard to employees; to determine whether they have positive impacts such as job performance, job satisfaction, and increase in the organizational commitment and decrease in the intention to resign as well as negative impacts such as extreme work load, stress, work-family conflict and tendency of resignation. To this end, the screening model was used and the adapted scale was applied to 395 teachers working at private schools which exhibit different socio-cultural characteristics in İstanbul province. For the analysis of the data, SPSS 15.0 and AMOS 22.0 software packages were used. For the structure validity and reliability analyses, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), which is a technique of structural equation model, and the methods Cronbach\'s Alpha, item-total correlation and split-half test correlation (Spearman Brown) were utilized. Next, the Path Analysis, as another structural equation model, was used to investigate “the effects of organization citizenship behavior on employees”, which is also the main problem statement of the study. As for the findings obtained from the research, it was seen that while OCB was in a positive and significant relationship with all positive results, there was a negative and significant relationship between OCB and all negative results.
Swimming is one of the sports that has developed fundamental changes in all of its stages by using the latest scientific and technical developments. Today, computational fluid dynamics is a powerful tool for analyzing sports in which velocity plays a major role. In this paper, we have examined the relationship between swimmer\'s velocity and drag coefficient .For this purpose ,a swimmer with different velocities has been modeled in FLUENT software (V=1 m/s, V=1.5 m/s, V=2 m/s) and then drag force and drag coefficient has been calculated in these three cases. The results of the model solution have been presented as pressure changes, velocity and coefficient tables and drag force.
For learning English, reading has often been at the center of debate among teachers and scholars. Theories about reading and numerous teaching techniques have created an awareness of the influence that reading has on listening, speaking, writing and even translating. This study aimed to find the effect of fast reading on developing reading comprehension, and fluency among high school English students. The sample of the study consists of 60 students assigned into two groups who were chosen randomly from high schools. The study includes teaching fast reading to 30 students (experimental group) and keeping 30 other students in learning traditionally (control group). The results revealed that there were significant differences in increasing fluency, and comprehension, among these students. In the light of the results, it is recommended that teachers should train students extensively on the use of fast reading strategies.
Objective: RNA interference (RNAi) is a general mechanism to knockdown a target gene expression, but it is important for successful application of RNAi that the efficient delivery of siRNA into cells. In this article, we demonstrated an efficient and specific knock-down of stim1 (a protein required for SOC influx and cells proliferation). in vascular smooth muscle cells and rat carotid artery and indicated a promising application of this adenovirus system in vascular physiological functions.\nMethod: Two target sequences for stim1 were chemically synthesized and recombinant adenoviruses for RNAi-mediated stim1 were produced. Rat aortic VSMCs were primarily cultured and transfected by an adenoviral vectors. Angioplasty of the rat left carotid artery was performed by using a balloon embolectomy catheter and transfected by an adenoviral vectors. Stim1 protein level was measured by western blot.\nMain results: An adenovirus vector for stim1 knockdown was successfully constructed. At 1, 3 and 5 day after infection with Ad-si/stim1 at MOI of 10 pfu/cells, the protein levels of stim1 had decrease significantly compared to the Ad-empty group. The infection of Ad-si/stim1 virus (3 day after infection at 10 puf/cells of MOI) resulted in a robust decrease in SOC. Ad-mediated siRNA infected the rat carotid artery efficiently and inhibit the expression of stim1 significantly.\nConclusion: This study develops a model system to study the function of stim1 in vivo and in vitro, and the siRNA expression and specific gene knockdown can be achieved by adenoviral vector in vivo and in vitro.
Nowadays, Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, have become a major security threat to networks and to the Internet, therefore, even a naive hacker can launch a large-scale DoS attack, the victim, from providing Internet services. In this paper, effort has been made to gauge Snort in terms of performance (packet handling) and detection accuracy against TCP/SYN Flooding Distributed Denial of Service attack (DDoS). This work describes the aspect involved in building campus network security system and then evaluates the campus network security risks and threats, mainly analyses the attack DoS and DDoS, and puts forward new approach for Snort campus network security solutions. The objective is analyses the functional advantages of the solution, deployment and configuration of the open source based Snort intrusion detection system. The evaluation metrics are defined using Snort namely comparison between basic rules with new ones, available bandwidth, CPU loading, and memory usage.