Continuity plays a crucial role in any discussion on evolution. A nearness relation in the phenotype space allows to distinguish continuous evolution from discontinuous one. The genotype-phenotype map plays a crucial role in evolutionary biology. In this paper we have investigated continuity in evolution of amino acids. Nearness relations in the space of amino acids as well as in the set of codons are introduced. Here any codon is a genotype and the corresponding amino acid is the phenotype. We examined the continuity of the genotype-phenotype map with respect different neighbourhood structures of amino acids.

In this paper we propose a novel spinning method named pre-twisted ring spinning. To discuss the theory, an infinitesimal cylinder-chained fiber model is established, the differential Equations of the infinitesimal cylinder at different time are established and resolved by Runge-Kutta integration. The trajectory of a fiber in vortex is simulated by the self-designed MATLAB procedure. The computation results coincide well with the experimental results. When the fiber bundle passing by the front nip is affected by the vortex and resulted into a partially strengthened and wrapped structure, it could be subsequently twisted with less twists by traveler and ring, thus the productivity could be potentially increased.

From the perspective of cultural linguistics, this paper a) investigates and compares the conceptualisations of beauty in the Chinese, English and Slavonic (Polish and Ukrainian), b) analyses the cultural contexts of in which beauty conceptualises and c) reveals the crucial peculiarities of the human’s perception and evaluation of beauty in the appointed languages. Based on the theory that language is an activity the character and structure of which express the culture and individuality of speakers (Humboldt 1907), attention is mainly focused on the interrelationship of language and culture pointing out ontological features of Chinese, Polish, English and Ukrainian worldview and perception of beauty.\nA suffient number of examples demonstrate the ontological features and the empirical generalizations embedded in conceptual images of beauty in the analysed languages. Furthermore, the findings of the paper may assist in learning the axiological value of beauty and its origin in the chosen languages and cultures.

The prediction of the behavior of an existing structure against an earthquake, and prior knowledge of the level of damage can endure seem decisive, especially when it comes to listed buildings of vital importance and public utility for the population such as hospitals. They are called to ensure the continuity of the functionality of their services with minor or no damage, especially in case of calamity or serious earthquake disaster genre. The present work consists to assess the seismic vulnerability of a clinic in Agadir, Morocco city, reputed for its high seismicity, using the non-iterative spectral method. Firstly, we will use a Pushover analysis by modeling the structure in the SAP 2000. Then, the capacity curve of the substructure of the building, thus obtained, will be transformed to ADRS format (Acceleration, Displacement, Response Spectral), then it will be overlaid with the inelastic response spectrum of the considered site, which converted to AD Format (Acceleration Displacement), according to the RPS 2011[1] (revised) in order to determine the performance point. Finally, we will proceed to the interpretation of fragility curves according RISK UE [2], to deduce the vulnerability.

In this paper, an efficient method is presented for solving three dimensional Volterra integral\nequations of the second kind with continuous kernel. Shifted Chebyshev polynomial is applied to\napproximate a solution for these integral equations. This method transforms the integral equation to\nalgebraic equations with unknown Chebyshev coefficients. Numerical results are calculated and the\nestimated error in each example is computed using Maple 17.

The internet has become a cornerstone to an effective on – line strategy for business tourism. If we admit that \'\'a photo is being worth a thousand words\'\', then we have to consider which kind of visual communication is powerful. Websites, social networks, on – line videos and advertisement and much more have replaced traditional photos and other planning methods for business traveling. This work aims to focus on which criteria any tourism website should have in order to be more attractive and force its initial visitors to visit them again and increase booking possibilities.