Factors Affecting the Prevalence of Hyperactivity and Attention Deficit in Children Aged 7-15 in Kayseri City Centre, Turkey

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of hyperactivity and attention deficit disorders (ADHD) with comorbid conditions and its affecting factors in school children aged 7-15 from families of different socio-economic status in Kayseri, Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional parent-based study involved 2045 students from 7 different primary schools in Kayseri, conducted between February and April 2012. Data was collected using the Child and Adolescent Behaviour Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S) based on DSM-IV and a Demographic Data Form. Statistical analyses included Student t-test and ANOVA. Results: According to parents' reports, 6.2% of the students exhibited ADHD symptoms. The most common comorbid conditions were behavioural disorder (BD: 14.4%) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD: 6.7%). The prevalence and severity of ADHD were significantly higher in boys, children with housewife mothers, and those from families with low education and income levels. Additionally, hyperactivity was notably higher in children aged 7-12, while BD was more prevalent in those aged 13-15. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of ADHD aligns with global estimates. Adverse family factors are closely associated with the prevalence and severity of ADHD, particularly in boys with housewife mothers and parents with lower education and income. Raising awareness and educating parents on ADHD may be crucial for early identification and management.