Knowledge and Self-Learning as Drivers of Regional Development: Reflections on the Angolan Reality

The competitiveness of Angola, excluding its oil and diamond sectors, is primarily based on traditional production factors such as labor, land, and capital. However, in the modern paradigm of regional economic development, these advantages are less significant compared to the 'new' production factor of knowledge. This paper emphasizes the importance of developing training programs that extend beyond conventional curricula to engage students actively in their educational experiences, thus fostering self-learning. The productivity of enterprises remains a complex issue, highlighting the significance of the individual in the process. Blau's Social Exchange Theory (1964) underscores the importance of linking processes and people, illustrating how social exchanges between managers and employees can enhance productivity. Although challenging to measure, training's organizational impact is evident through personal and organizational development, providing clear benefits via knowledge transfer. Our theoretical framework is grounded in the 'theories of regional imbalance' by François Perroux, Hirschman, Kaldor, and others, focusing on how market forces can lead to economic imbalances. This work presents knowledge and education as pivotal elements in driving regional development and addresses the spatial differences and undervaluation they often receive.