Pamukuntla Mounika, Mekala Anusha, Nalini Kanta Sahoo
The liver is a vital organ responsible for numerous metabolic functions including regulation, decomposition, protein synthesis, hormone production, and detoxification. Liver failure occurs when healthy hepatocytes are damaged, leading to the formation of scar tissue and impeding the liver's ability to regenerate. This review explores novel techniques such as viral and bacterial vectors, stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and pharmacological treatments aimed at regenerating hepatocytes and restoring liver function. These approaches offer potential alternatives to liver transplantation, addressing the shortage of available organs and providing new hope for patients. The application of these methods could revolutionize the treatment of liver diseases and significantly reduce the burden on healthcare systems.